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Kayser-Fleisher ring Deposition of copper in the cornea visible by a slit-lamp examination. This sign is a clinical hallmark or Wilsons disease and it is present in nearly all patients with neurological symptoms due to this disease. However, the absence of this sign does not exclude the possibility of this disease.

k (Pre) Kilo- (1.000)

Kelly-Patterson syndrome Swallowing difficulties (dysphagia) due to iron deficiency. Another name of Plummer-Vinson syndrome.

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca Sjögren´s syndrome

Keyhole surgery Minimally invasive surgery, laparoscopic surgery.

Kilo- (Pre) Thousand, for example kilocalorie, one thousand calories

Klatskin tumour A malignant tumour, cholangiocarcinoma, located in the perihilar region. See cholangiocarcinoma.

Knodell scoring system A widely used numerical scoring system for assessing histological activity in asymptomatic chronic active hepatitis, published by KG Knodell in 1981.

Kock ileostomy A surgical method presented by Dr. Nils Koch in Gothenburg, Sweden in the late 1960´s. Kock ileostomy (also called Kock pouch, continent ileostomy) consists of an internal reservoir and a valve, both constructed from the distal part of the small bowel. The opening with the valve was then insterted through the bowel wall and the patient could empty the reservoar when needed (abotu four times aday) with a small tube.Kock ileostomy is nowadays rarely done as J-pouch has become the operation of choice when patients need a colectomy because of ulcerative colitis.

Kock pouch See Kock ileostomy


Robert Koch
Koch, Robert(1843 - 1910) German physician and professor in hygien. His investigations concerning the bacterilogic etiology of cholera and tuberculosis has made him famous. Robert Koch got the Nobel prize in 1905.

Koch´s bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that causes tuberculosis.


Candida oesophagitis grade 1 according to the Kodsi classification
Kodsi classification of candida oesophagit was introduced by BE Kodsi in 1976. The severity of candida oesophagitis is classified into four degrees:
Grade I: A few small candida plaques up to 2 mm in size, with mucosal hyperemia but wihtout oedema or ulcerations
Grade II: Multiple bigger white candida plaques with mucosal hyperemia and oedema but without ulcerations
Grade III: Confluent linear candida plaques with mucosal hyperemia and ulcerations
Grade IV: As grade III but with constricion of the oesophageal lumen.

Krukenberg tumor Metastasis in one or both ovaries, most often from gastric cancer. The ovarian tumor may give symptoms before any gastric symptoms occur.

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December 9, 2011